专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(37)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

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Test ThirtySeven
近义词辨析
complete, entire, total, whole
这组词都可作“完全的，全部的”讲。
complete
意为“完全的，完善的”，强调所需要的正常的部分都已具备，达到完备、无可增加的程度。
entire
意为“完全的，完整的”，可用于具体或抽象的概念，用来形容完整的、未被破坏或切割的统一体。其含义侧重物体或概念的本身，强调既不能增加，也不能减少，保持原有完整的意义。该词常用作定语。
total
意为“完全的，全部的”。强调没有任何例外，一切都被统计在内，指金钱、数量、程度等的全部，在表示抽象意义时，可与complete换用，有时也可和entire换用。
whole
意为“整个的，整体的”，强调完整、没有被忽略、遗漏或减少，此时该词和entire语义相似，只是语气稍弱，且多在口语中使用，一般多用作定语。
They own a house complete with furniture.他们拥有一幢家具齐全的房子。
The Complete Works of Tolstoy is on the shelf.《托尔斯泰全集》在书架上。
It took us an entire week to finish the work.完成这项工作花费我们整整一周时间。
He was in entire ignorance of the matter.他对这件事一无所知。
What is the total cost of the new furniture?新家具总共花了多少钱?
The new manager has a total control of the business.新任经理完全掌握公司的控制权。
The different parts were joined to form a whole group.不同的部分连接起来形成一个整体。
The whole book is on how to appreciate poetry.整个书都是关于诗歌欣赏的。
aggression, invasion
这组词均含有“入侵”的意思。
aggression
主要指对别国的入侵。
invasion
指持有挑衅、敌对的企图而进行的侵占、入侵、侵犯。
如：
The Chinese government protested strongly against such barbarous aggression.中国政府强烈抗议这种野蛮的侵略行为。
The illegal search was an invasion of their civil liberties.那次非法搜查是对他们公民自由权的侵犯。

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试题答案与解析

1. B)【句意】经理答应对我的投诉进行调查。

【难点】look into意为“调查”;look through意为“温习，浏览”;look over意为“审查(帐目)，端详”; look after意为“关心，照应”。

2. C)【句意】我们遗憾地通知你们，你们认购的材料缺货。

【难点】out of stock意为“无货”;out of work意为“失业”;out of reach意为“够不到”;out of practice意为“久不练习，荒疏”。

3. A)【句意】有些地区因气候条件恶劣而人烟稀少。

【难点】due to意为“由于”;in spite of意为“尽管”;but for意为“要不是”;with regard to意为“关于”。

4. C)【句意】他们夫妻习惯爱好都一样。

【难点】coincide意为“巧合”。其他三个词和介词with搭配的意思分别为：combine with意为“与…结合/联合”;compromise with意为“跟…妥协”;compete with意为“与…竞争或进行比赛。”

5. D)【句意】那名罪犯总是用现金付款，因此警方无法追捕到他。

【难点】pay in cash是一固定词组，意为“付现金”，in换成其他三个介词，不合本句句意。

6. C)【句意】她眼睛有点近视，习惯盯着看人。

【难点】gazing意为“凝视”;glance意为“看一眼，扫视;peer意为“好奇而吃力地看”;scan意为“浏览，审视”。

7. D)【句意】当他在当地一家报社求职时，有人通知他去见经理。

【难点】position意为“职位”;career意为“职业，事业(指长期的以至于终身从事的职业)”;profession意为“职业”(特指需要业务知识或专业知识的职业);location意为“位置,场所”。

8. C)【句意】一般跑步的人15分钟可以跑2英里。

【难点】average意为“一般的，普通的(人)”;common意为“普通的，常见的(强调与特殊的区别)”;usual意为“通常的，寻常的(强调经常发生形成惯例的，一般不修饰表示“人”的名词)”;general意为“一般的，普通的(强调涉及到方方面面，修饰人时主要指“只有普通知识的，无需特别技能的人”)。

9. B)【句意】短暂休息后，旅行者们又上路了。

【难点】resume意为“恢复(原来的活动)”;recover意为“恢复(健康)”;renew意为“使更新，使振奋”；restore意为“修复，整修，恢复(指保持物体本来面目)。”

10. D)【句意】我有个朋友做起事来，今天这样，明天那样，前后不一致。

【难点】opposite意为“相反的东西”;other前加the表示“另一个”;alternative意为“供选择的东西”;negative作名词时，意为“否定”。

11. C)【句意】恐怖分子可能在雅典把炸弹安在飞机上，定在飞机到达纽约时爆炸。

【难点】go off意为“爆炸”;get off意为“下(车，马等)，发出(信件等);carry off意为“夺得(比赛名次)，夺去(生命)，巧妙地应付”;come off意为“从…离开，举行，进行。”

12. A)【句意】她受了一肚子气，再怎么劝他留下来也是白费口舌。

【难点】of no avail意为“无用，无益”;on the contrary意为“相反地”;at a loss意为“困惑，不知所措”;in no way 意为“决不，一点也不”。

13. A)【句意】关于这项提议你有什么要说的吗?

【难点】with regard to意为“有关”;in contrast to意为“与…对比”;on behalf of意为“代表”;for the purpose of意为“为了…目的”。

14. C)【句意】该囚犯被剥夺了普通公民享有的很多权力。

【难点】deprive意为“剥夺”，与of连用;ensure与介词against或from搭配，意为“保护”;inform意为“告诉，通知”，与介词of搭配，意为“告诉某人某事”，与against搭配，意为：告发，告密”;convince与of搭配意为：“使确信，使认识到”。

15. B)【句意】据估计自1850年以来地表温度增长了1/4到3/4度。

【难点】increase by是固定用法，意为“增长了”。by后跟具体的数据，其余三个介词都不与increase搭配。

16. B)【句意】当见到钱放在桌子上时，他很想偷。

【难点】tempt意为“诱惑”;draw意为“拖，拉”;elicit意为“诱出(正式用语),常指得到“实情”或“情报”等;attract意为“吸引(使人喜欢，赞赏)或引起注意”。

17. B)【句意】狗因为忠实而经常受到称赞，狗几乎从不背弃自己的主人。

【难点】loyalty意为“忠诚，忠于”;faith意为“信心，信任(指具有的一种强烈信任感)”;trust意为“信任(基本上与faith同义)”;trustfulness意为“诚实，说真话”。

18. B)【句意】彼得是一位优秀的射手，既练习打固定靶，也练习打活动靶。

【难点】stationary意为“固定的”;standing表示“不流动的,不能转动的”;still意为“静止的(指由“动”到“静”，侧重于“静”的含义)”;stable意为“稳定的(指没有大起大落的变化)”。

19. B)【句意】如果每位经理都像以往那样讲两句的话，会议要延长45分钟。

【难点】prolong意为“延长”;expand意为“展开，扩张”;delay意为“耽搁”;exceed 为“超过”。

20. D)【句意】小孩子问问题总是问个不停。

【难点】persistent意为“不断的，坚持的”;original意为“独创的”;peculiar意为“特殊的”;imaginative意为“想象力丰富的”。

21. C)【句意】有些国家由于与外界缺少联系，导致其贫困。

【难点】result in意为“导致”;fall into意为“开始(谈话，讨论等)”;consist in意为“在于”;come up to意为“接近”。

22. B)【句意】心理学家进行人脑的一般实验时，通常随机选择对象然后向我们提问题。

【难点】at random意为“随意地”;at length意为“最终，终于”;in essence意为“实质上”;in bulk意为“散装地(的)。”

23. C)【句意】目标就是：让每个愿意并且有能力接受高等教育的人受到高等教育，而不要顾忌他们的经济状况。

【难点】regardless of意为“无论，不管”;with respect to意为“关于，就…而论”;in accord with意为“和…一致”;in terms of意为“根据，就…来说”。

24. D)【句意】把属于别的音乐文化的音乐称之为“原始的”，那是将自己的标准强加在承认这些标准的人的头上。

【难点】impose意为“强加”，后接on;put (on)意为“赋予，推诿”;force 与介词into搭配，意为“迫使…”;emphasize意为“强调”。

25. B)【句意】这是这本书的初稿，请大家自由发表意见。

【难点】comment on意为“评论”;cope with意为“应付,对付”;confirm意为“证实,确认”;complain意为“抱怨，诉苦”。

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全真模拟试题

1. The manager promised to have my complaint ____.

A. looked throughB. looked into 

C. looked over D. looked after

2. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are____.

A. out of work B. out of reach

C.out of stockD.out of practice

3. Some areas, ____their severeweather conditions,are hardly populated. 

A.due toB.in spite of

C.but forD.withregard to

4. His tastes and habits ____ with those of his wife.

A.combineB.competeC.coincideD.compromise

5. The criminal always paid ____ cash so the police could not track him down.

A. onB.byC.forD.in

6. Being somewhat shortsighted, she had the habit of____atpeople.

A.glancingB.peeringC.gazingD.scanning

7. When he appliedfor a ____in the office of the local newspapers he was told to see the manager.

A.locationB.professionC.careerD.position

8. The ____ runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.

A.commonB.usualC.averageD.general

9. The travellers ____their journey after a short break.

A.recoveredB.resumedC.renewedD.restored

10. My friend does one thing one day and just the ____the next.His behaviour is inconsistent.

A.otherB.alternativeC.negativeD.opposite

11. The terrorists might have planted a bomb on the plane inAthens, set to ____ when it arrived in New York.

A. get offB. carry offC. go offD. come off

12. Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were ______.

A. of no avail B. on the contrary

C. at a loss D. in no way

13. Have you anything to say ____the proposal?

A. with regard toB. in contrast to 

C. on behalf ofD. for the purpose of

14. The prisoner has been ____ of many previleges that average citizens enjoy.

A. ensuredB. informedC. deprivedD. convinced

15. It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased ____ one quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1850.

A. toB. byC. atD. with

16. He was ____ to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.

A. draggedB. temptedC. elicitedD. attracted

17. Dogs are often praised for their ____; they almost never abandon their masters.

A. faithB. loyalty

C. trust D. truthfulness

18. As an excellent shooter， Peter practised aiming at both ____targets and moving targets.

A. standingB. stationaryC. stillD. stable

19. If each manager makes his usual speech, the meaning will be ____ for fortyfive minutes.

A. expandedB. prolongedC. delayedD. exceeded

20. Small boys are ____ questioners. They ask questions all the time.

A. originalB. imaginativeC. peculiarD. persistent

21. There are nations whose lack of contact with the outside world has ____ poverty.

A. fallen into B. consisted in 

C. resulted inD. come up to

22. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people ____ and ask them questions.

A. at lengthB. at randomC. in essenceD. in bulk

23. The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ____ his financial situation.

A. with respect toB. in accord with

C. regardless of D. in terms of

24. To call the music of another musicculture “primitive” is ____ one’s own standards on a group that does not recognize them.

A.puttingB. emphasizingC. forcingD. imposing

25. This is the first draft of the book.Please feel perfectly free to ____ it.

A. cope withB. comment onC. complainD. confirm