专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(21)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

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Test TwentyOne
近义词辨析
beat, win, conquer, defeat, overcome
这组词均有“获胜，征服，击败”之意。
beat
指在战争、竞赛或其他方面最终彻底战胜对方，对象可以是人，也可以是物。
win
指在竞赛或战斗中击败对方，其对象一般应是物，如battle, race, victory等。
conquer
既可指靠武力或精神道方面的力量使对方屈服，又可指在排除障碍和阻力后取得胜利。
defeat
意为“击败”，强调的是暂时的胜利。
overcome
既可指在战斗和竞赛中战胜对方，也可指在感情、习惯等方面压倒，胜过。
如：We can easily beat you at baseball.打垒球我们可以轻易地击败你们。
The Chinese team won in the end.最后中国队赢了。
The Normans conquered England in 1066.1066年，诺曼底人征服了英格兰。
He defeated his opponents in this election.在这次竞选中，他击败了对手。
He made efforts to overcome every difficulty.他努力克服每一个困难。
award, reward
这组词均含有“授予，给予”的意思。
award
意为“授予，给予”，通常指官方或法院根据规定把钱财等奖给或判给某人。
reward
意为“酬劳，奖赏”，通常指因做了某一件事或提供了某种服务而应得到的报答或酬谢。
如：
He was awarded a medal for his outstanding contribution to science.由于对科学作出了杰出贡献，他被授予一枚奖章。
He rewarded me with 30 dollars for taking him to the airport.我把他送到机场，他给了我30美元作酬金。

幽幽草

试题答案与解析

1． D)【句意】她从未开怀大笑过，也从未发过脾气。

【难点】由so, nor, neither引导的并列分句，表示“同样，也”等意义时，主谓语要倒装。

2． C)【句意】与发达地区相比，该省人民的生活水平根本就不高。

【难点】本句中发达地区和该省为对比的对象，状语部分中动词的逻辑主语应该是“该省”,故应该采用被动语态。when compared是when it is compared的省略。

3． B)【句意】你让我别担心他的伤势，可那没用。

【难点】It is no use 后通常跟动名词短语。

4． B)【句意】如果地球突然停止运转，我们都会从上面飞离出去。

【难点】表示与现在存在的客观事实相反的假设，一般用虚拟语气句，条件句的谓语为动词过去时。

5． A)【句意】广告不同于其他的传播方式，是因为广告商得为发布的信息付费。

【难点】in that 引导原因状语，往往用于书面语，放在句中而不在句首，意为“因为，原因在于”。In which一般用来引导定语从句，修饰表示方位的名词。In order that常常用于引导目的状语从句。

6． A)【句意】中国国务院总理朱镕基在上任伊始便尽力推行新的经济政策。

【难点】economic 意为“经济的，与经济有关的”。economical 意为“节约的，不浪费的”。economy意为“经济”。economics意为“经济学”。

7． B)【句意】看看这些乌云，马上就要下雨了。

【难点】选项A)中will表示一种意愿。B)中的be going to do sth 表示目前已有迹象表明即将发生某种事情。C)中使用了将来进行时，用来表示将来某一时刻或某一时期正在进行的动作。D)中的be to do sth 表示一种计划或安排。

8． D)【句意】直到16世纪，第一批欧洲人才发现加利福尼亚海岸。

【难点】本句将not until…that…句型和强调句It is (was)…that…结合在一起，形成一个新的常用的结构。

9． C)【句意】一写完信，我就从家里跑到邮局。

【难点】finish为及物动词，后边直接跟名词或动名词，A)项变成Havingfinished才正确。

10． D)【句意】如果法律与秩序不存在，公民及其财产也就无安全可言。

【难点】本句意在陈述一项事实，所以应采用一般时,law and order是习语，意为“治安”，作单数。

11． A)【句意】在搬到另一个城市之前，艾米处理掉了房子和家具。

【难点】dispose of 意为“处理，整理”；discard意为“丢弃；抛弃”； discharge 意为“解雇，免…的职务；开除”； distribute意为“分开；分送；分配”。

12． C)【句意】艾米•泰勒既是个卓越的戏剧评论家，也是个卓越的诗人。

【难点】eminent意为“（在地位，学识，品格等方面）出众的，卓越的，显著的”；subtle意为“微妙的，敏锐的，灵巧的”；progressive意为“进步的，前进的”；plausible意为“(论点等）貌似有理的，貌似真实的”。

13． D)【句意】他对慈善事业很感兴趣，并定期作些捐赠。

【难点】contribution 意为“捐款，贡献；捐助”，make a contribution to 是动词短语，意为“向…捐款”；dedication 意为“献身；献身精神”；fellowship 意为“伙伴关系；友情；友谊”；hospitality 意为“友好款待；好客；殷勤”。

14． C)【句意】气温变化非常大，白天特别热，夜晚特别冷。

【难点】vary意为“相异，不同；变化； change意为“改变，变化”，尤指全面发生的变化；alter意为“（部分地）改变，变动；更改”；reflect意为“反射；反应；显现”。

15． D)【句意】由于开关有毛病，洗衣机就是不起动。

【难点】defect意为“缺陷；弱点”；mistake意为“错误；过失”；trouble意为“困难，麻烦，困扰”；error 意为“失误，错误”。

16． C)【句意】近来对油耗低的微型小汽车的需求量一直很大。

【难点】demand意为“需求，需求量,要求”，supply and demand构成“供需”之意；request意为“请求，请”；want 意为“需要，缺乏”，常用于for want of 这一短语中；claim意为“要求,主张，声称,认领”。

17． A)【句意】当马克看到起居室里的圣诞树时，他惊讶地屏住了呼吸。

【难点】hold one’s breath 意为“（因紧张，激动等）屏息”，另外三个动词不能和breath进行合理搭配。

18． D)【句意】我们学校合唱队下月将进行现场表演，千万不要错过哟！

【难点】live 在本句中是形容词，意为“现场直播的，实况转播的”；alive 意为“有活力的，有生色的，活跃的”；living意为“逼真的，惟妙惟肖的”；life为名词，不适合本句句意。

19． C)【句意】南京路上新旧建筑物如此和谐，以致走在路上，你会感到心旷神怡。

【难点】in harmony意为“协调一致，和睦融洽”；in control 意为“处于被控制状态”；in order 意为“井然有序，处于良好状态”；in action意为“在起作用，在行动中”。

20． D)【句意】人口分布稀疏的地区通公共汽车不划算。

【难点】scatter意为“使分散”；divide意为“分隔，把…隔开”；separate 意为“使（两者）分开，分离”；space意为“（用间隔）分隔开”。

21． A)【句意】公司的生意越做越大，有必要扩大厂房。

【难点】extend意为“扩展，扩大…范围”；increase意为“增加，增大，增强”；lengthen意为“使延长，使伸长”；grow意为“增长，增长，发展，扩大”。

22． D)【句意】他年轻的时候学习很努力，这也是他后半生取得巨大成功的原因。

【难点】contribute to意为“有助于，促成，是…的部分原因”；answer for 意为“负有责任，需作交待”；consist of 意为“组成，构成”；double up意为“笑弯了腰”。

23． C)【句意】如果我朝另一侧看，我能看见河口，汹涌奔腾，再往远处，就是大海。

【难点】fierce 意为“猛烈的”；grand意为“雄伟的，堂皇的，庄重的”；inspired意为“受到鼓舞的”；splendid 意为“壮丽的，华丽的，壮观的”。

24． B)【句意】梦境生活与现实生活的联系已被彻底研究过。

【难点】intensively 意为“集中地，彻底地”；originally 意为“本来，原来”，不能和完成时连用；extremely意为“极端地，非常地”；properly 意为“适宜地，恰当地”。

25． D)【句意】除有敌人进攻的危险，人们还要去应付衣食、燃料和几乎所有物资的紧缺。

【难点】as well as 意为“除…之外，还要…”；as to 意为“关于”； as usual 意为“照常，照例”，不是介词词组，不能用于本句， as regards 意为“关于…,至于…”。

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全真模拟试题

1. She never laughed, ____ lose her temper.

A. nor she ever didB. or she ever did

C. or did she everD. nor did she ever

2. ____ with the developed areas, people’s living standard of this province is not high at all.

A. CompareB. While comparing

C. When comparedD. Comparing

3. It is no use ____ me not to worry about his injury.

A. you tell B. your telling

C. for you to have toldD. having told

4. If the earth suddenly ____ spinning, we would allfly off it.

A. had stoppedB. stopped

C. has stoppedD. would stop

5. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ______ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.

A. in thatB. in which 

C. in order thatD. in the way

6. After taking office, China’s Prime Minister, Zhu Rongji, tried his best to promote the new ____ policies.

A. economicB. economicalC. economyD. economics

7. Look at these clouds. ____.

A. It will rainB. It’s going to rain 

C. It will be rainingD. It is to rain

8. ____ the 1500’s ____ the first Europeans explored the coast of California.

A. It was not until/thenB. It is not until/when

C. It is until/thatD. It was not until/that

9. ____ the letter, I ran out of the room to the post office.

A. Finishing

B. No sooner that I had finished up

C. As soon as I finished writing 

D. Since I finished up to write

10. If the law and order ____, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.

A. are not preservedB. have not been preserved

C. were notpreserved D. is not preserved

11. Before moving to another city, Amy ____ of the house and the furniture.

A. disposedB. discardedC. dischargedD. distributed

12. Amy Taylor was ____ both as a drama critic and as a poet.

A. subtleB. progressiveC. eminentD. plausible

13. He was very much interested in the work of charities, and made a regular ____ to them.

A.dedicationB. fellowship 

C. hospitality D. contribution

14. The temperature ____ greatly; the days were very hot, the nights very cold.

A. changedB. alteredC. variedD. reflected

15. The washing machine would not work because of a(n) ____in the switch.

A. mistakeB. troubleC. errorD. defect

16. Recently there has been a great ____ for small cars that consume little gas.

A. requestB. wantC. demandD. claim

17. Mark ____ his breath in wonder when he saw the Christmas tree in the sitting room.

A. heldB. graspedC. keptD. blew

18. Our school singing group is going to give a(n) ____performance next month. Don’t miss it.

A. aliveB. livingC. lifeD. live

19. The old buildings blend with the new ones in perfect ____so a walk along Nanking Road is an enjoyable discovery.

A. controlB. orderC. harmonyD. action

20. It is not profitable to provide bus service in districts where the population is widely ____.

A. dividedB. separatedC. spacedD. scattered

21. It was necessary to ____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.

A. extendB. increaseC. lengthenD. grow

22. He studied hard in his youth, which ____ his great success in later life.

A. answered for B. consisted of 

C. doubled upD. contributed to

23. If I look the other way, I can see the mouth of the river, wild and ____, and the sea beyond.

A. grandB. inspiredC. fierceD. splendid

24. The relationship between dream life and waking life has been studied ____.

A. originallyB. intensivelyC. extremelyD. properly

25. ____ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything.

A. as to B. as usual C. as regards D. as well as