专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(31)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

幽幽草

Test ThirtyOne
近义词辨析
embarrass, puzzle, perplex, confuse, bewilder
这组词皆有“使…困惑”的意思，都可作及物动词，常以无生命的词作主语；以有生命的词作主语时，常用被动语态。
embarrass
指“使…困惑，使…窘迫，使…为难”，含有令人不快、为难和内心混乱的意味。
puzzle
意为“使…迷惑”，指某一复杂的事件或困难难于被理解。
perplex
指“使…疑惑”，和puzzle同义，但比puzzle更为庄重，还含有“使…杂乱，使…疑虑，使…不安，使…不知如何决定”的意思。
confuse
指“使…混乱，使…糊涂”，强调使人因混淆而不知所措。
bewilder
“使…混乱，使…着慌，使…发愣”，语气最重，表示糊涂到无法思考的地步。
It embarrasses me even to think about my foolish behavior.哪怕是想一想我愚蠢的行为，我都感到困窘不安。
Her illness has puzzled all the doctors.她的病把所有的医生都难住了。
I have been puzzling my brains about this question for weeks now.对这个问题我已经苦苦思索了几个星期了。
His strange behavior had greatly perplexed her.他奇怪的行为使她大为困惑。
We were perplexed to learn of your decision.我们听说了你们的决定，感到困惑不解。
They asked so many questions that they confused me (that I got confused).他们问了我很多问题，把我都给弄糊涂了。
Don’t confuse Austria with (and) Australia.不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混了。
She was bewildered to find them gone.发现他们已经离去，她愣住了。

幽幽草

试题答案与解析

1. B)【句意】你总是丢三落四的。

【难点】“现在进行时+always”这一结构常表示一种抱怨，感情色彩比较浓。

2. C)【句意】她是一个非常诚实的孩子，不会做这样的事情。

【难点】“too+形容词+a+名词+to do”是一个经常使用的句型，意为“太…不会…”。实际上，它是“too+形容词+to do”结构的变体。

3. B)【句意】树下站着几位漂亮姑娘，可我一个也不认识。

【难点】none在句中是none of them的省略，them指的是前一句中的several pretty girls.

4. A)【句意】因为他不炫耀学识，学生才喜欢他。

【难点】It is +名词、代词或从句+that是强调结构。

5. B)【句意】“我希望孩子们不要靠近水边。”“我已警告他们不要靠近。”

【难点】not to是承前省略，全句应为“I warned them not to go near the water。”

6. C)【句意】他回来的时候，已不再是我们二十年前认识的那个约翰了。

【难点】人名前加定冠词the,表示一个身份地位等变化了的人。

7. D)【句意】这位内科医生认为早睡比熬夜更明智。

【难点】stay up late意为“熬夜，开夜车”，其中late不能换成lately(最近)；than后接staying up late是和前面going to bed early相呼应，以求语法一致。

8. A)【句意】有人看见那两个孩子在大约11点的时候向大海跑去。

【难点】see sb doing变成被动语态后就成为be seen doing。

9. C)【句意】他什么时候走由他自己定。

【难点】when he leaves是表示时间的名词性从句，作主语。

10. C)【句意】老鼠在一年以内能吃掉它体重40倍到50倍的东西。

【难点】times表示倍数，常用在times+one’s+weight(size, height,etc)这一结构中。

11. B)【句意】这排树挡住了房子。

【难点】view意为“视线；视野”，shut…from view意为“使…不被看见”。sight意为“视线，眼界”，用于out of/in sight结构中；eye意为“观点，见解”，用复数；scene意为“景象，景色”。sight和view辨析：sight与视力和视觉有关，意指察见和视野；view常指视野，视域景色和眼界。

12. C)【句意】你得买一件比往常穿的大一号的衬衫，因为这个面料洗过后缩水。

【难点】shrink意为“收缩，缩水”；fade意为“褪色”；recede意为“后退”；decrease意为“减少，缩小”。

13. C)【句意】尽管长期效果还不可预测，该工程已被委员会批准。

【难点】effect意为“效力，作用，影响”，是名词；affect意为“影响”，是动词；effort意为“努力，尽力”；affliction意为“苦恼，苦恼的事”。

14. B)【句意】汽油是从原油加工而来的。

【难点】crude意为“天然的，未加工的；未提炼的”；raw意为“生的；原来的”；rough意为“粗糙的”；tough意为“坚韧的”。

15. C)【句意】如果你把太多的梨放到那个纸袋里，纸袋会破。

【难点】crack意为“裂开；断裂；破裂”；burst意为“爆炸，胀裂”；explode意为“爆炸；爆破”,指用炸药；expand意为“扩大，扩展；膨胀”。

16. A)【句意】他刚说完要修钟，就发现带的工具不对。

【难点】tool指用手操作的工具；instrument意为“器械，器具”，形体稍大；apparatus意为“仪器，设备，装置”；equipment意为“设备，器械”，类似apparatus。另外，instrument指技术性的精密工具或为达到某一目的使用的仪器或手段。

17. C)【句意】这种裙子面料很耐洗。

【难点】withstand意为“经受，承受”；wrench意为“猛扭，猛拧”；violate意为“

违反”；endure意为“忍受(痛苦,困难)”。

18. A)【句意】豆蛋白可当作肉的营养替代品。

【难点】replacement意为“替代，取代；更换”；supplement意为“补充，补足”；compound意为“复合物，混合物”；complement意为“补足语”。

19. B)【句意】如果收集者们能被劝说把时间和金钱都花在支持合法的考古事业上，那就太好了。

【难点】legitimate意为“合法的，法律认可的”；literal意为“依照字面的；逐字的”；legislative意为“立法的，有立法权的”，illicit意为“不法的，非法的”。

20. D)【句意】酸雨的影响之一就是导致植物枯萎。

【难点】wither意为“枯萎；凋谢”；contract意为“(金属，肌肉等)收缩，缩小”；shrink意为“(布料)缩水”；thrive意为“兴旺，成长”。

21. B)【句意】新产品有时被少量赠送他人，称之为样品。

【难点】sample意为“样品，抽样”；example意为“榜样，例子”；pattern意为“样式，图案”；proof意为“证据”。

22. D)【句意】他们把房子卖了12000美元，买主认为买得很便宜。

【难点】a good bargain意为“便宜物品”；trade意为“贸易，交易”；business意为“生意，职业”；deal意为“交易；协议”。business和trade辨析：business是从事交换，买卖活动的泛称；trade是国与国之间或国内不同商业组织之间进行的商品买卖或交易。

23. B)【句意】如果想看公共汽车时刻表，请到办公室询问。

【难点】inquire意为“询问，查询”；require和request意为“要求，请求”；acquire意为“学得(知识等)”。

24. A)【句意】船长和全体工作人员在甲板上欢迎我们。

【难点】crew意为“(船、飞机、火车上的)全体工作人员”；staff意为“职员，工作人员”；team意为“队，组”；group意为“集团，团体”。

25. D)【句意】南希付账时，拿到了款额的收据。

【难点】receipt意为“收据，收条”；ticket意为“票，入场券”；check意为“支票”；tip意为“小费”。

幽幽草

全真模拟试题

1. You ____ where you leave your things.

A. always forgetsB. are always forgetting 

C. have always forgottenD. will always forget

2. He is ____ boy to do such a thing.

A. such an honest B. too honest 

C. too honest aD. so honest a

3. There are several pretty girls standing under the tree, but ____ are known to me.

A. neitherB. noneC. no oneD. all

4. It is because he is not proud of his learning____ he is respected by his students.

A. thatB. whichC. whatD. that which

5. “I hope the children won’t go near the water.”“I warned them ______.”

A. notB. not toC. not goD. won’t

6. When he came back he was not ____ we had known twenty years before.

A. JohnB. a JohnC. the JohnD. the Johns

7. The physician considers going to bed early to be more sensible ______.

A. but staying up lateB. than to stay up late

C. than staying up latelyD. than staying up late

8. The two children ____ towards the sea at about 11 o’clock.

A. were seen runningB. were seen run

C. saw runniingD. have been seen running

9. ____ is his own decision.

A. When leavingB. When does he leave

C. When he leavesD. He leaves

10. In one year rats eat 40 to 50 times ____ weight.

A. itsB. andC. theirD. of

11. The line of trees shut the house from ____.

A. sightB. viewC. eyesD. scene

12. Get a shirt one size larger than you usually wear, because this material ____ when you wash it.

A. fadesB. recedesC. shrinksD. decreases

13. Though the long term ____ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.

A. affectB. effortC. effectD. affliction

14. Gasoline is processed from ____ oil.

A. rawB. crudeC. roughD. tough

15. If you put too many pears in that paper bag, it will ____.

A. burstB. explodeC. crackD. expand

16. Having said he would mend the clock, he discovered that he had not brought the right ____ for the job.

A. toolsB. instrumentsC. apparatusD. equipment

17. This dress material will ____ repeated washings.

A. wrenchB. violateC. withstandD. endure

18. Soy protein can serve as a nutritious ____ for meat.

A. replacementB. supplement 

C. compoundD. complement

19. It would be far better if collectors could be persuaded to spend their time and money in support of____ archaeological research.

A. literalB. legitimateC. legislativeD. illicit

20. One of the effects of acid rain is that it causes plants to ____.

A. contractB. shrinkC. thriveD. wither

21. New products are sometimes given away in small quantities called ______.

A. examplesB. samplesC. patternsD. proofs

22. They sold their house for only $12,000, so the buyer got a good ______.

A. tradeB. businessC. dealD. bargain

23. If you want to see the bus schedule, please ____ at the office.

A. requireB. inquireC. requestD. acquire

24. The ship’s captain and members of the ____ welcomed us on board.

A. crewB. staffC. teamD. group

25. When Nancy paid the bill, she was given a ____ for her money.

A. ticketB. chequeC. tipD. receipt