寒潮：Cold Snap
例句：Cold snap brings snow---Beijing's first snowfall this winter, which began on Saturday night and lasted until Sunday afternoon, surprised locals.
寒潮带来降雪——北京今冬的初雪让当地居民颇感意外。这场雪从上周六晚间一直持续到周日下午。
平均气温：average temperature
摄氏度（℃）：degree Centigrade
华氏度 (℉)： degree Fahrenheit ，PS：华氏与摄氏的换算F=9/5C+32
例句：It's twenty-five degrees Centigrade(25℃) or it's seventy-eight degrees Fahrenheit(78℉).
摄氏二十五度,或者说是华氏七十八度。
降雨量： precipitation这个词较为复杂，在口语中用rainfall就可以了。
例句：Annual precipitation in Beijing is around 580 mm (22.8 in), and the majority of it falls in the summer months.
在北京，年度降雨量为580毫米左右，约合22.8英寸，主要分布在夏季。
四季如春：like spring all the year round
例句：I've heard the weather in Kunming is ideal, just like spring most of the year.
我听说昆明天气宜人，四季如春。
四季分明：（have/ enjoy/boast/ with）four distinctive seasons
例句：Enjoying a wild climate and four distinctive seasons, the environment of Luohe city is peaceful and elegant.
漯河城市风景秀丽，环境幽雅，气候温和湿润，四季分明。
气候适宜：（have/ enjoy/boast/ with）agreeable/ideal /pleasant/ moderate weather
梅雨季节：plum rain season，外国人可能对中国的“梅雨”很难理解，可以简而言之，就是 rainy season。
例句：Like other cities in Jiangsu Province, Suzhou also has a very long rainy period, called the plum rain season, so an umbrella is advisable to be equipped during the season.
和江苏的其他城市一样，苏州的雨季很长，被称为梅雨季节，所以在这个时间段旅游苏州最好带上伞哦！
台风季节：typhoon season
例句：Typhoon season in Hong Kong is possible in September. All shops and banks are closed when typhoon signal is raised.
香港的台风季节是九月份左右，当台风预警信号达8号以上时，商店和银行都暂停营业。PS：香港台风预警信号，与**不同，1号为最弱, 10号最强。
“四大火炉”：长江流域的重庆、武汉、南京、长沙四大夏季气候炎热的大城市被传称为“四大火炉”。 four major 'stove' cities in China
日照时间长：Sunshine duration is long
昼夜温差大：large temperature differences/ extreme temperatures day and night
中暑：get sunstroke
例句：It is not recommended to travel to Shigatse from November to April, because of the large temperature difference day and night. Tourists get sunstroke easily at noon while feel frozen stiff in the evening.
每年的11月至待来年的4月日喀则地区昼夜温差很大，我们是不建议大家去那里旅游的。游客在中午很容易中暑，而在晚上很容易冻僵。
高原反应/ 急性高山病：altitude stress / acute mountain sickness
例句：And my head aches from the altitude...
还有高原反应带来的头痛
Passengers who have severe altitude illness should ask for an emergency oxygeny pack.
高原反应比较严重的旅客也可以使用急救吸氧袋。
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