㈣ 否定转移现象
① 当表示主观看法和心理活动的动词，如think ，suppose ，believe ，imagine ，expect ，fancy等后跟宾语从句时，其从句的否定要转移到主句。
I don’ t think it will be very cold today 我认为今天不会太冷
I don’t suppose that anyone will object to the plan 我想没有人反对这个计划
由例句可看出:这类句型重点在宾语从句,所以其反意疑问句的主语应是宾语从句的主语,谓语动词应采用宾语从句的谓语.。
I don’t believe she knows it ,does she ?
② 当半助动词happen，seem作谓语时，可将否定谓语转移到否定句子的其他成分。
I didn’t happen to have any money on me ﹦I happened not to have any money on me
﹦ It so happened that I didn’t have any money on me 我碰巧身边没有带钱.
此类动词还有feel ,look ,taste ,smell,appear ,sound 等。
The blackboard doesn’t feel smooth﹦the blackboard feels not smooth 这块黑板摸起来并不光滑
③以because引导的原因状语从句或because of 引导的原因状语
The mountain is not valuable because it is high
[误] 因为这座山高,而没有价值.。
[正] 山的价值并不在于它的高度。
注意： 上面句子，主句和从句之间没有用逗号隔开；若用逗号隔开，意思就发生了变化。
请比较：She didn’t ask the teacher some questions because she was afraid of him.
﹦She asked the teacher some questions，not because she was afraid of him.
她并不是因为怕老师才去问他问题。
She didn’t ask the teacher some questions, because she was afraid of him
她没有问老师问题，因为她怕他。 ㈤ 强调句 It is/was …….that/who易混易错点
A 易错点:
①原句的人称,时态和数在变为强调句时不要变动.
I gave Mary a book the day before yesterday.→It was Mary who/that I gave a book to the day before yesterday
②如果原句是一般疑问句,强调结构用“Is/Was it ……that”形式.。
Did your brother join in the army in 2001？→Was it your brother that/who joined the army in 2001？
③ 如果原句为特殊疑问句，强调结构用“特殊疑问词﹢is/was it …..that”形式。
Where did you meet him the other day ？→Where was it that you met him the other day？
④ 如果原句含有not until，在转换为强调结构时，必须把not连同until引导的 成分放在be 之后。
I didn’t receive your letter until yesterday→It was not until yesterday that I received your letter.
类似情况还有:
We can’t expect to succeed without an effort →It is not without an effort that we can expect to succeed
Money can’t buy everything →It is not everything that Money can buy.
⑤这一句型可强调原因状语从句,当原因状语从句是as ,since,引导时应改为because引导.
She missed the first bus since she got up late→It was because she got up late that she missed the first bus
B 易混点:
① 强调句型与主语从句的区别:
如果将It is /was ….that 去掉后句意清楚,句法正确,为强调句型:由it作为形式主语的主语从句,可以将that 从句置于句首,其句意不变.。
1）It is possible that we will survive the fire →that we will survive the fire is possible（主语从句）
2）It is a fact that men must die→that men must die is a fact（主语从句）
3）It is reported that progress has been made in the cure of cancer→that progress has been made in the cure of cancer is reported（主语从句）
②强调句型It is/was….that与引导时间状语从句和定语从句的It is / was …..when之间的区别
在强调句型中that 前,被强调的是状语而when前面是表示时间点的名词,用来作表语.。
1) It was at eight o’clock in the morning that they went to work (强调句)
2) It was eight o’clock in the morning when they went to work (时间状语从句)
3) It was July 15,2003 when I graduated from Beijing University (when 关系副词,引导定语从句,用作状语)
高考试题演练：1）Why！I have nothing to confess._____you want me to say?(2004上海,43)
A What is it that B What is it that C How is it that D how it is that
解析: 此题考查强调句中强调疑问词时语序的排列,这是一个特殊疑问句,say后面缺少宾语所以用what ,故选A
2)I have always been honest and straight forward,and it doesn’t matter____Iam making to (2004广东23)
A who is it B who it is C it is who D it is whom
解析: 此题考查强调句中强调疑问词时语序的排列,这是一个特殊疑问句,考查被强调部分充当宾语的结构。其语序应遵循宾语从句的语序，，即陈述语序。另外，在此处是做to的宾语，应用宾格whom，但在通常情况下，也可以用who代替whom ，故选B ㈥如何解决 短暂性动词与段时间状语连用的问题
英语中的短暂性动词，又叫终止性动词，瞬间动词或非延续性动词。
易混点：在现在完成时否定句中可以和段时间状语连用.。如:I have not borrowed the novel for two weeks .
易错点：在肯定句中不能与段时间状语连用（如 for…,since…,或how long….?），为了避免错误，在使用这类词时应学会并掌握“三个变化”。
1终止性动词可以转换为延续性动词,主要有以下四类:
①用相应的延续性动词: buy →have borrow →keep put →wear catch a cold → have a cold
come/go →be
② 转换为be﹢名词: join the army/league/Party →be a soldier/League member/Party member
Go to school →be a student; become a teacher→ be a teacher
③转换为be﹢形容词或副词: die →be dead , finish →be over , begin →be on , fall asleep→be asleep , leave→be away(from),wake→be awake ,get up→be up ,close →be closed , open →be open
Fall/get ill/sick →be ill/sick, marry →be married
④转换为be﹢ 介词短语: go to/come to地点→be in /at 地点, join the army →be in the army
Move to 地点→be in /at 地点
2 时间状语改变：即for﹢数词﹢…时间名词﹢…ago
【误】He has joined the army for three years
【正】He has been in the army for three years.
【正】He joined the army three years ago.
3 句子模式的变化 :用It is﹢ 时间﹢since…﹢
It is three years since he joined the army .
