专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(03)a 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

幽幽草

Test Three
关于dare的意义和用法
作为情态动词表示“胆敢”，dare通常只用于否定陈述句和疑问句。例如：
I dare not go there.
How dare he say such rude things about me?
dare作为情态助动词没有过去式形式，其否定式为daren’t，既可指现在时间，也可指过去时间。例如：
Tom wanted to come, but he daren’t.
dare还可用主动词，随后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。例如：
He does not dare (to) answer.
Does she dare (to) go there alone?
近义词辨析
besides, but, except, except for
这组词均含有“除…外”的意思。
besides
“除…外，还有…”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。
Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗?
but
不包括所引事物在内，多与nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody等连用。
He has nobody but himself to blame for that.那件事他没法指责别人，只能怪他自己。
except
不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all,everyone, everything等连用，但不可用于句首。
They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。
except for
常指除去所引情况让人稍感遗憾之外，整体情况尚属理想，被除去的事物与正在谈及的事物之间不具有共同属性或性质。
The roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。

幽幽草

试题答案与解析

1. C)【句意】据当地报纸报道，那家银行昨天在光天化日下遭到抢劫。

【难点】动词不定式的完成式做主语的补足语，说明不定式的行为发生在谓语动作之前。

2. D)【句意】虽然他以前从未表演过，但他为业余剧团做的首次表演还是很成功。

【难点】in spite of意为“尽管，虽然”，后接名词或名词性短语，引导出来状语。选项A)没有主语或逻辑主语，选项B)是原因状语从句，选项C)的despite不能引导状语从句，因为它是介词。

3. B)【句意】到二十一世纪中叶，世界上大多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。

【难点】因为时间状语by the middle of the 21st century指的是将来，所以选将来进行时。

4. C)【句意】米尔先生宁愿辞职也不参加这种不诚实的商业交易。

【难点】prefer意为“宁愿”，其后接名词或动词不定式；prefer to do th.rather than do sth.意为“宁愿…而不愿…”，rather than后接不带to的不定式。

5. C)【句意】大家都没有时间去读或去听有关世界上正在发生的一切事件的描述。

【难点】在以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则关系代词便可省略。

6. B)【句意】如果突然出现巨大的噪音，这些动物真的有可能受到惊吓。

【难点】该句是一个省略if的倒装的虚拟条件句，可还原为“if there should be...”。

7. D)【句意】一点一点地，儿童就会将自己的语言作些必要的修改，而使之与他人的语言相像。

【难点】as和like都可以表示“像…一样”，但as是连词，后跟从句，like是介词，后跟名词或名词性短语。

8. C)【句意】用塑料纤维制成的衣服比用棉花、羊毛或丝绸等天然纤维制成的衣服有些优势。

【难点】clothing是衣服、被褥的总称，不能用one或the one来指代。what相当于“先行词+that”，后边要接从句。所以只能用that指代clothing。

9. A)【句意】财政部发布命令，从即日起，向政府购买土地须以金、银支付。

【难点】henceforth意为“从今以后”，符合题意要求。

10. D)【句意】学生们期望期末考试前能有更多的复习课。

【难点】动词expect后必须接动词不定式作其宾语，因此，只有D)为正确。

11. A)【句意】暑假期间，我们第一次尝到了把劳动变成货币的滋味。

【难点】translate意为“变换，把…转化成”；transfer意为“移交，迁移”；transplant意为“移植(器官)”；transmit意为“传染(疾病)，传达(知识)”。

12. A)【句意】在有些情况下，你的导师会事先告诉你题目或把题目给你由你选写。

【难点】in advance意为“事先，预先”；ahead of意为“在…之前”；above all意为“尤其，最重要的是”；right away意为“立刻；马上”。

13. D)【句意】车上了马路边后，司机由于惊慌，没踩刹车，却踩了油门。

【难点】panic意为“惊慌，慌乱”；fraud意为“欺骗，骗局”；alarm意为“警报”；terror意为“恐怖”。

14. A)【句意】丹尼在我们回答机上留下一条模棱两可的信息：“我必须见你。12点来接我。”他是说中午还是半夜?

【难点】ambiguous意为“模棱两可的；含糊的”；responsible意为“负责的”；implicit意为“暗含的”；thoughtful意为“沉思的，思考的”。

15. D)【句意】我们要找个桌子坐下，可是所有餐桌都已有人。

【难点】take up意为“占去(时间、地方、注意力等)”；reserve for意为“为…留出，保留”；engage in意为“从事；参加”；use up意为“用完，用光；耗尽”。

16. D)【句意】她将不得不去别处找工作，因为她再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。

【难点】put up with意为“忍受，容忍”；come up with意为“(针对问题、挑战)提出，想出”；catch up with意为“赶上”；keep up with意为“跟上(人、潮流、形势等)”。

17. D)【句意】汤姆满怀信心地投入新的工作。

【难点】set about意为“开始；着手”；set out意为“开始”，常与as, in, on连用；set off意为“(使)做某事”；set up意为“开业，开始经商”。

18. B)【句意】卡车司机因超速而被罚款。

【难点】limit意为“限制；界限”；range意为“(知识、知觉、听觉等的)范围

”；regulation意为“规定，规则”；rule和regulation是近义词，意为“规定，规章”。

19. B)【句意】跛脚的杰克充满自豪，一颠一跛地走上台，加入孩子们的行列。

【难点】limp意为“跛行”；jump意为“跳，跃”；hop意为“(人们)单足跳”；jog意为“慢跑；缓行”。

20. B)【句意】他买不起小汽车，因为他挣钱不多。

【难点】afford意为“买得起”；obtain意为“得到，获得”；donate意为“捐，赠”；consume意为“消耗，耗尽”。

21. C)【句意】这是明摆着的事：就像茶叶和香蕉不相搭配一样，下层阶级家庭的儿子也不可能指望娶一个贵族的女儿。

【难点】neither用于否定句之后，意为“…亦不…”；either用于否定句，意为“(二者之中的)任何一方都(不)…”；nor意为“…也不…(置于否定句之后)”；not在本句中说不通。

22. D)【句意】虽谈不上有钱，但她目前的境况比以往任何时候都要好。

【难点】by no means意为“一点也不…”；by means of意为“用，依靠”；within one’s means不是固定短语；by all means意为“无论如何，务必”。

23. A)【句意】这是一种荒唐的生活态度。

【难点】absurd意为“荒唐的；滑稽可笑的”；silly意为“傻的；愚蠢的”；stupid意为“笨的，麻木的”；authentic意为“可靠的；真诚的；真的”

24. B)【句意】每年，我们学校会有一名同学获得一笔奖学金作为一年的大学生活补贴。

【难点】subsidize意为“给…津贴；资助”；improve意为“改进，改善”；oblige意为“施恩惠于，帮…忙”；inflict意为“予以(打击)；使遭受(损伤，苦痛等)”。

25. D)【句意】他和妻子合作写了一本书。

【难点】collaboration意为“合作；协作”，in collaboration with为固定搭配；proportion意为“比例”；installment意为“分期付款”；correspondence意为“符合；一致”。

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全真模拟试题

1. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____ in broad daylight yesterday.

A. to be robbedB. robbed

C. to have been robbedD. having been robbed

2. ____ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success.

A. Though having never acted

B. As he had never acted

C. Despite he had never acted

D. In spite of his never having acted

3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’spopulation ____ in cities rather than in the country.

A. are livingB. will be living 

C. have livedD.will have lived

4. Mr. Milton prefers to resign ____ part in such dishonest business deals.

A. than take B.than to take

C. rather than takeD. rather than to take

5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ____ going on in the world.

A. it isB.as isC.there isD.what is

6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ______ a sudden loud noise.

A. being thereB.should there be

C.there wasD. there have been

7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ____.

A. as other peopleB.as other people’s

C.like other peopleD.like other people’s

8.Clothing made of plastic fibres has certain advantages over ____made of natural fibres like cotton, wool, or silk.

A. oneB.the oneC.thatD.what

9.The treasury issued an order stating that ____ land purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.

A. henceforthB.moreoverC. wherebyD.however

10.The students expected there ____ more reviewing classes before the final exams.

A. isB.beingC. have beenD.to be

11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that ____ into hard currency.

A. translatesB. transfers

C. transplantsD. transmits

12.In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ____or may give you a choice of topics to write about.

A. in advanceB. ahead ofC. above allD. right away

13.It was the driver’s ____ that caused him to step on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.

A. fraudB. alarmC. terrorD. panic

14.Danny left this ____ message on my answering machine:

“I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight?

A. ambiguousB.responsible

C. implicitD. thoughtful

15.We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ____.

A.reserved forB. engaged in

C. used upD. taken up

16.She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can’t ____ this loud noise any longer.

A. come up withB. catch up with

C. keep up withD. put up with

17.Tom ____ his new job with confidence.

A. set outB. set offC. set upD. set about

18.The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed ____.

A. rangeB. limitC. ruleD. regulation

19.The crippled Jack proudly walked with a ____ to the platform to join the children.

A. jumpB. limpC. hopD. jog

20.He cannot ____ a car, for he does not earn much money.

A. obtainB. affordC. donateD. consume

21.The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant’t go together, ______ should the son of a lowclass family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman.

A. eitherB.notC. neitherD. nor

22.Though ____ rich, she was better off than at any other period in her life.

A. by means ofB. within her means

C. by all meansD. by no means

23.It is a(n) ____ attitude to take towards life.

A. absurdB. sillyC. stupidD. authentic

24.Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that ____ one year of college.

A. improvesB. subsidizesC. obligesD. inflicts

25.He wrote the book in ____ with his wife.

A. proportionB. installment

C. correspondence D. collaboration