专业四级：词汇、语法详细解答40套(34)a 四级, 语法, 词汇, 专业, 解答

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Test ThirtyFour
近义词辨析
roughly, approximately, about, around
这组词都可表示在距离、时间、数量等方面“接近，大约”。
roughly
意为“粗略，大约”，经常用来代替approximately或about。该词常含有随便、草率的意味。
approximately
作“近于，接近”讲，表示精确程度非常接近某一标准，其误差极小甚至可忽略不计。
about
作“大约”讲，可与approximately互相使用，但它不如前者那样强调对精确度的接近，但它后面的数或量都是明确的，没有“多少不定”的意思，如，不可说“about more than two”。
around
意为“大约”，有时用于非正式场合，可以代替about或approximately
Roughly speaking, I think we are heading for the depression.大体说来，我认为我们正走向萧条。
It was approximately 100°F in the shade.在荫凉处温度约为华氏100度。
There are about 60 people in the room.这房间里大约有60个人。
He went to bed around midnight.他大约半夜才去睡觉。
accumulate, amass
这组词均含有“累积，积聚”的含义。
accumulate
强调一点一点地连续积累，从而积聚成堆。
amass
往往用于价高或量大的积聚。
The accumulated evidence isn’t enough to ensure his conviction.已收集到的证据还不足以给他定罪。
My savings are accumulating interest.我的储蓄不断生息。
Fat will be accumulated in your body if you stop doing sports.如果你停止运动，脂肪就会积聚于体内。
A speculator may try to amass great wealth.投机商会想方设法积聚钱财。
assemble, collect, gather
这组词均含有“收集，聚集”的意思。
assemble
指为了一定目的把即将分散的人或物集合为一个整体。
gather
是一般用语，指将分散的东西聚集在一起。用于人时表示“聚集，集中”之意。
collect
与gather通用，指按计划进行收集整理，其对象一般是物，偶尔也用于人，意为“集合”。
Assemble your papers and put them in this file.把你的论文收集起来，放在这个文件夹里。
You must gather the students to your side.你必须把学生团结到你这一边来。
People gathered in crowds on the street waiting for the news of victory.人们成群结队地聚集在街上，等待着胜利的消息。
My son likes collecting stamps.我儿子喜欢集邮。

幽幽草

全真模拟试题

1. Only in the dream world ____ moments of desolation or terror that are worse than anything we have known under the sun.

A. there isB. there areC. is thereD. are there

2. Would you please ____ spoil any material?

A. notB. not toC. to notD. don’t

3. ____ in physical shape, he dropped out of the University of Syracuse.

A. As he was badB. Bad as he was

C. Bad although he was D. Bad though he was

4. I hope you don’t mind me ____ you sir, but is there much money involved in the will?

A. askingB. to askC. askD. that I ask

5. The reason Beethoven went away to the country is ____.

A. that he was gradually going deaf

B. because he was gradually going deaf

C. on account of the fact that he was gradually going deaf 

D. since he was gradually going deaf

6. “I often feel a sudden fast heart beat when I’m idle.”“You should stop your exercising and need ____”

A.to check your heart

B. to have your heart checked

C. to have checked your heart 

D. to be checked your heart

7. When I finish the story, Lenin jumped up from his chair and started pacing the floor, ____, deep in thought.

A. with his head bendingB. in his head bent

C. his head bendingD. his head bent

8. But what ____ to define his personality is a driven concentration on his work, compulsive attention to every aspect of creating musicals.

A. seems most B. is mostly

C. is mostD. seems mostly

9. Switzerland is ____ a place to indulge in all your favorite winter sports; it’s also a marvellous spot to relax.

A. rather thanB. more than 

C. else thanD. other than

10. I am lucky ____ the thing I enjoy doing most is ____ I’ve ended up doing.

A. when... thatB. if...what

C. that... whatD. that...that

11. Please ____ your voice if you have any questions to ask the chairman.

A. riseB. raiseC. liftD. enlarge

12. Owen obviously had no ____ of doing any work that day, although it was only a week before the English Test.

A. ambitionB. desireC. intentionD. wish

13. The National Gallery in London has more visitors than ____any other because of its free admission.

A. practicallyB. reallyC. actuallyD. completely

14. On that bitterly cold winter night , few people walked along the ______ narrow streets.

A. lonelyB. neglectedC. desertedD. isolated

15. If you keep gettingwrong numbers, your phone could be ____.

A. defectiveB. ineffectiveC. deficientD. deceptive

16. Mr.Johnson had a terrible cold and could not stop ____.

A. yawningB. sighingC. sneezingD. spitting

17. The chairman asked the members to ____ their votes for or against the proposal.

A. castB. throwC. bidD. offer

18. She was barred from the golf club for refusing to ____with the request.

A. conformB. adhereC. abideD. comply

19. She always ____ the smell of fresh bread with her aunt, who loved baking.

A. associatedB. connectedC. attributedD. contributed

20. Even when the strike was over, and the wages dispute had been ______ , it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely.

A. settledB. evenedC. calmedD. relieved

21. She was paid by the hour, and she managed to keep her family with herpitiful____.

A. salaryB. wagesC. stipendD. payment

22. A plane is a ____ and so is a car.

A. transportB. driveC. vehicleD. carriage

23. Tony was in plain clothes, watching for a ____ character at London Airport all night.

A. suspiciousB. suspectC. susceptibleD. doubtful

24. At first she thought he was joking. It took Jason twenty minutes to convince her that he was ____.

A. earnestB. realC. genuineD. serious

25. You may even become a head waiter eventually. If you have the rightsortof ____ and are not afraid of hard work.

A. natureB. personalityC. temperD. character

幽幽草

试题答案与解析

1． D)【句意】只有在梦乡世界才有比人世间任何东西都遭的荒凉或恐怖时刻。

【难点】only 引导倒装句，主语moments 是复数，所以选D)。

2． A)【句意】你不毁坏东西不好吗?

【难点】would you please 句型的否定式要在please后加not，not 后使用动词原形。

3． A)【句意】由于身体不好，他从塞路克斯大学辍学了。

【难点】As he was bad 是原因状语从句，as 是“因为”的意思。Bad as he was 是一个让步状语从句，采用的是半倒装形式，意为“尽管他很糟”。C)和D)两项不成立。

4． A)【句意】我希望你不要介意我问你一个问题，遗嘱里涉及钱的问题了吗？

【难点】mind 后接动名词或物主代词加动名词或者人称代词加动名词。

5． A)【句意】贝多芬去乡下的原因是他正在逐渐变聋。

【难点】如果主语是reason，那么后面作表语的从句应由that引导。

6． B)【句意】“我闲着没事的时候，常感觉心脏跳得特厉害。”“你应该停止锻炼，检查一下心脏。”

【难点】need 在本句中作实义动词，后接动词不定式。have sth done 是一个常用的使动结构。

7． D)【句意】我讲完故事后，列宁从椅子上跳了起来，开始在屋子里踱来踱去,低着头，陷入沉思。

【难点】his head bent 是独立结构， his head 是逻辑主语，bent 是逻辑谓语。

8． A)【句意】但似乎最能解释他人格的东西是，工作注意力集中是被迫的，注意创作音乐剧的每个方面也是被迫的。

【难点】seem后加不定式to do 是seem 的用法之一。Most和mostly 不同，most 是最高级，表示程度，而mostly意思是“主要地，大部分地，多半；通常”。全句的主语是what 引导的what从句。

9． B)【句意】瑞士不仅仅是一个能使人沉湎于你最喜爱的冬季体育运动的地方，而且是一个休闲娱乐的风景地。

【难点】more than 意为“不仅仅”；rather than 意为“而不是”；else than 不是固定搭配；other than意为“除了”。

10． C)【句意】我很幸运，我最喜欢做的事是我已不再做的事。

【难点】I’m lucky 后接that 从句作宾语；宾语从句中的主语是the thing， the thing 后是定语从句;宾语从句中的表语是what引导的what从句。

11． B)【句意】如果有问题要问主席，请大点声。

【难点】raise意为“提高；增大；提升”，是及物动词；rise意为“上升”，是个不及物动词；lift意为“提高；提高…的地位”，主要指的是提起一重物；enlarge 意为“扩大，扩展，扩充”。

12． C)【句意】尽管距离英语考试只有一周时间，那天欧文还是明显地没有做任何工作的意图。

【难点】intention意为“意图，目的”，常用于the intention of doing sth 的结构中；ambition意为“雄心，野心”；desire意为“愿望，欲望，渴望”，后常接动词不定式作定语；wish 意为“希望，想要”，但和desire有所不同。wish 和 desire辨析wish 常用于主观愿望或难以实现或不可能实现的愿望；desire强调主观愿望的迫切性，系书面语，用于正式场合或文章中，有尽力争取或需要尽力争取之意。

13． A)【句意】由于不收门票，伦敦国家美术馆比任何其它美术馆接纳的来访者都多。

【难点】practically 意为“几乎，差不多”；really 意为“很，十分；全然”；actually 意为“实际上”;completely意为“完全地，完整地”。

14． C)【句意】在那个寒冷的冬夜，很少有人在这空无一人的窄巷上行走。

【难点】deserted 意为“无人居住的，空无一人的”;lonely意为“寂寞的”；neglected意为“被忽视的，被忽略的”;isolated意为“隔离的，分离的，孤立的”。

15． A)【句意】如果总有人打错你家电话，你的电话可能有毛病。

【难点】defective意为“有毛病的，有缺陷的”；ineffective 意为“无效的，无效果的”；deficient意为“缺乏的，不足的”，常指量的不足，不够;deceptive意为“骗人的”。

16． C)【句意】约翰逊先生得了重感冒，不停地打喷嚏。

【难点】sneeze 意为“打喷嚏”；yawn意为“打哈欠”；sigh意为“叹气，叹息”；spit 意为“吐痰，吐唾沫”。

17． A)【句意】主席请各位成员投票表示赞成或反对这个提议。

【难点】cast 意为“投，掷，扔”, cast votes 意为“投票”；bid 意为“喊价，出价”，是拍买和投标用语; throw 意为“投，掷，扔”；offer意为“出价，开价，报价”。throw 和cast 辨析：throw 指用手臂突然用力把某物向一定目标扔去。cast指用手向下把某物向一定目标抛去，一般投掷的东西较轻，并常用于比喻。

18． D)【句意】她因拒绝服从要求而被高尔夫俱乐部开除。

【难点】comply 意为“遵从，依从，顺从”，后接with； conform 意为“遵照，适应”，后接介词to； adhere 意为“坚持，遵守”，后接介词to；abide 后接by 意为“遵守，信守”。

19． A)【句意】她总是把鲜面包味与她婶婶联系起来，她婶婶很喜欢烤面包。

【难点】associate意为“（在思想上）把…联系在一起”，后常与with 连用；connect 意为“联接；联系”，指联系有形的物体；attribute意为“把归因于；把（过错等）归于”，后接介词 to； contribute 意为“捐款，捐助”。

20． A)【句意】即使在罢工结束、工资纠纷得到解决之后，还要花几星期时间这个国家才能清理干净。

【难点】settle 意为“解决（纠纷等）；even意为“使平衡；拉平（比分）”； calm意为“使平静，使宁静，使镇定”； relieve 意为“缓解，减轻，解除，使解脱”。

21． B)【句意】她做钟点工，但还是能够以她微薄的工资养家。

【难点】wage 意为“工资”，常作复数使用；salary 意为“薪水，薪金”；stipend意为“（牧师、教师、公职人员等）薪奉，生活津贴”；payment意为“支付，付款”。

wages 和salary 辨析：wages 主要指以月，小时或计件为单位付薪的劳动收入，尤指每周或每两周付给的劳动（多是体力劳动）报酬。

salary 指固定年薪，常为一个月或更长时间付一次，且一般指职员，脑力劳动者的薪金。

22． C)【句意】飞机是运载机器，小汽车也是。

【难点】vehicle 意为“车辆，机动车，飞行器；运载器”；transport 意为“运输，交通”；drive意为“私人车道；（公园里的）车行道”； carriage意为“四轮马车，火车车厢”。

23． A)【句意】托尼身着便衣，整夜在伦敦机场监视一个可疑人物。

【难点】suspicious意为“令人怀疑的，可疑的”；suspect是名词，意为“嫌疑犯”；susceptible意为“敏感的，过敏的”，后接介词to;doubtful 意为“疑惑的，怀疑的”，常与about, of 连用，一般不修饰名词。

24． D)【句意】一开始她以为他开玩笑。杰森用了二十分钟才叫她相信他是认真的。

【难点】serious 意为“认真的；当真的”；earnest 意为“热切的，迫切的”；real 意为“真的，真正的”；genuine意为“真的；非人造的”。serious 指的是说话态度的认真，一本正经。real 和genuine辨析：real一般指真实或表里一致的事物，强调真实性。genuine表示某物本身质地是真的，纯粹的，不是假的或伪造的。

25． B)【句意】如果你人品好，不怕累，不怕苦，你最后有可能成为领班。

【难点】personality 意为“人格，个性”； nature 意为“天性，本性，性情”；temper 意为“心情，情绪，脾气”；character 意为“品德，品质，性格”，一般用于a man of good character这类词组中。