做好采访工作的三种方法 采访工作

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Three ways to give a good interview, and one way to shake things up

I do a lot of interviews. At least two or three a week — ranging from CNN to local newspapers. And no matter where the interview is running, there are three things you need to know about doing a good one:

1. Be interesting. The questions people ask you are not really what they want to know. It’s what they think will be interesting. They would ask you about the price of tea in China if they thought the answer would be interesting.  So your job in an interview is to give an answer that is entertaining and thought-provoking and all the other things that people like.

2. Be short. The world does not have an unlimited attention span to hear how your mind works. So you can’t think out loud（大声说出某人的想法，想说就说） in an interview and have everyone wait til you get to your point. Your point has to start right away.
Also, if you are short then you are more likely to be interesting the whole time. The longer you talk about a given topic the harder it is to keep someone’s interest. In the PR world this is called “soundbite”（指简短而精悍的话语）. But really, you can use the sound bite technique everywhere – on radio, in a blog post, on a date.

3. Be conversational. You can’t be chatty（adj.善谈的，喜欢说的）in a written interview because there’s no one there. But on the phone, or on TV you can actually make the interview into more of a conversation. In a many cases, the interview becomes more interesting this way.

First of all, it tells the audience that the person interviewing is interesting in their own right, because you are asking questions back to him or her. And a room with two interesting people is better than a room with only one interesting person. The second thing is that the conversation becomes a little less scripted（adj.照原稿朗读）and there is more risk and more space for unbridled(adj.肆意的,放肆的）passion, on either side of the conversation. And spontaneity makes conversation more engaging(adj.吸引人的）.  Be upbeat is also a rule. I think. But why is this a rule? I think it is like the rule about the first two minutes – or whatever the time frame is that someone forms their judgment of you.

我做很多采访。一周至少要做两三次——从CNN到地方报纸。不管在哪里做采访，如果要做一个好的采访者，你必须知道三件事：

1. 要有趣。人们所问的问题并非他们真想知道问题的答案，而是他们觉得有趣的。如果他们认为得到的答案会很有趣，他们就会问你在中国茶叶的价格。所以你在采访中的工作就是给出一个具有娱乐性和引发思考等其他人们所喜欢的答案。

2. 要简洁。世界上没有多少人会对你内心的想法抱以无尽的关注度。所以你不能在一个访谈中想着什么就说出什么，让每个人都等你切入正题。你的主题必须立即开始。
同时，如果你说话简洁，整个采访的过程可能会有趣一些。对于一个话题，你回答的时间越长，就越容易让人们失去兴趣。在公共关系中，把这称为“精悍的话”。事实上，你可以在任何地方都用到这种“精悍话语”技术——在广播里，在博客贴上，或者在约会中。

3. 对话式。在做笔录采访时你不可能会讲很多，因为你旁边一个人都没有。但是在电话中或是在电视节目里，你可以把一个访谈做得更像对话些。在很多情况，这种方式下的采访会更有趣。

首先，它让观众觉得采访人有自己独特的趣味，因为你在回问他（她）问题。并且，有两个有趣的人的地方总比只有一个有趣的人的地方要好些。其二，对任何一方来说，对话都会少一些照着稿子念的无趣，留下无束缚释放热情的风险和空间。 这种自发状态使谈话更具有吸引力。 积极愉快的风格也必不可少。但为什么说它是一个规则呢？我觉得这就如同最开始两分钟的规则一样——无论时间期限长短，人们已经形成了对你的判断。