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标题: Movie Music [打印本页]

作者: 幽幽草    时间: 2007-4-18 16:57     标题: Movie Music

Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 assilent”, the film has never been in the full sense of the word silent. From the very beginning music was regarded as an indispensable accompaniment when the Lumiere films were shown at the first public film exhibition in the United States in February 1896 they were accompanied by piano improvisations on popular tunes. At first the music played bore no special relationship to the films an accompaniment of any kind was sufficient. Within a very short time however the incongruity of playing lively music to a solemn film became apparent and film pianists began to take some care in matching their pieces to the mood of the film.

  As movie theaters grew in number and importance a violinist and perhaps a cellist would be added to the pianist in certain cases and in the larger movie theaters small orchestras were formed. For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra and very often the principal qualification for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces. Since the conductor seldom saw the films until the night before they were to be shownif indeed the conductor was lucky enough to see them then), the musical arrangement was normally improvised in the greatest hurry.

  To help meet this difficulty film distributing companies started the practice of publishing suggestions for musical accompaniments. In 1909 for example the Edison Company began issuing with their films such indications of mood aspleasant”,“sad”,“lively”。 The suggestions became more explicit and so emerged the musical cue sheet containing indications of mood the titles of suitable pieces of music and precise directions to show where one piece led into the next.

  Certain films had music especially composed for them. The most famous of these early special scores was that composed and arranged for D.W Griffiths film Birth of a Nation which was released in 1915.

  Note

  美国通俗音乐分类:

  1.Jazz

  1 traditional jazz—— a blues,代表人物:Billy Holiday

  bragtime(切分乐曲):代表人物:Scott Joplin

  cNew Orleans jazz = Dixieland jazz eg Louis Armstron

  dswing eg Glenn Miller Duke Ellington etc.

  ebop =bebop rebop eg Lester Young Charlie Parker etc.

  2modern jazz —— a cool jazz=progressive jazz)高雅爵士乐。Eg Kenny G.

  bthird-stream jazz. Eg Charles Mingus John Lewis.

  c main stream jazz.

  davant-garde jazz.

  e soul jazz. Eg Sarah Vaughn Ella Fitzgerald

  f Latin jazz.

  2.gospel music福音音乐,主要源于Nero spirituals. Eg. Dolly Parker Mahalia Jackson

  3.Country and Western music. Eg. John Denver Tammy Wynette Kenny Rogers etc.

  4. Rock music——a rock and roll eg Elvis PrestleyUS the BeatlesUK.

  bfolk rock Eg Bob Dylon Michael Jackson Mariah Carey Bruce Springsteen Lionel Riche etc.

  cpunk rock

  dacid rock

  erock jazz eg M.J. McLaughlin

  f Jurassic rock

  5.Music for easy listening i.e. light music




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