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标题: 历届高考完形填空难度变化总结 [打印本页]

作者: onlyone    时间: 2006-4-27 10:50     标题: 历届高考完形填空难度变化总结

以下是我对近十多年来高考完形填空难度变化的一点体会:
高考考试说明对完形填空题型有以下规定:考生必须通篇考虑,掌握大意,综合运用所学的词汇和语法等知识,选择最佳答案。我认为难度变化总地来说,有以下两个特点:

一、单纯的语法知识、固定搭配、惯用法、常用句型、词语辨异等趋于淡化。下面仅以词语辨异为例总结如下:
1.night/evening
night指the time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime.
2.know/learn/notice
know知道;熟悉 learn 听说;认识到;了解 notice 注意到
3.sound/cry/voice/shout/noise
sound 泛指各种声音 cry, voice, shout一般都指人的声音 noise 指噪音
4.take place 预料中的发生;happen意料外的发生 ;occur 两者兼有
What happened to (became of)you?你发生了什么事?
5.anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervous
anxious 渴望的(eager);担心的(worried ) hurried匆忙的 nervous 神经紧张的
6.admire/enjoy
admire oneself自我欣赏 enjoy oneself玩得高兴
7.fun/joke/trick
fun和joke都有开玩笑之意,fun不可数,joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词 a play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑;a practical joke=a trick恶作剧;play a trick on sb 捉弄某人。
8、wonder/imagine/notice/examine
wonder想知道 ;imagine想象; notice 注意到; examine 考查
9、way/weans/method
means[常用作单]方法;手段,工具; a means to an end达到目的方法;method方法、办法与way 可以替换使用。
10、path/road/way
path 小路;人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station
11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tip
idea 主意;意见 opinion 意见;见解
suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫,提示;劝告
12、examine/check/search
examine 检查;诊察;审查,目的在于想了解有关的情况 check核实,检查,目的在于判断正误或是否正常 search搜查
13、usual/spare修饰
usual惯常的,平常的 spare空闲的(free)
14、instead/however都作副词时,instead"而是"含有某种对比,However"可是""仍然"含有"转折""让步"。
15、lost/missing/gone都可"丢失""不见了"
lost可作定语;用被动语态;missing和gone一般作表语
16、pour/drop
pour倒,灌;drop 使滴下,使落下
17、admire/inspire/support
admire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持
18、courage/spirit/courage
courage勇气 spirit 精神 strength力气
19、journey/travel/trip
journey长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行(一次来回)a round trip
20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normal
common 公用的;普通的 ordinary普通的;平凡的 usual 平常的;惯常的(as usual) average平均的;普通的;平常的 (an article of average quality 普通产品) regular 固定的;有规律的(the regular people生活有规律的人)normal 正常的(return to normal恢复正常)
21、develop/become
develop vt.养成;形成(form)
become 变成(grow, turn, get等)连系动词
22、cheat/lie
cheat作弊 lie 说慌
23、small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱
24、walk/step/march
walk走、步行 step 跨,踏 march(齐步)前进、行进、行军、游行
25、out of step 步调不一致 out of order 不整齐,出故障
26、out of sight, out of mind(谚语)眼不见,心不想
27、suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦 difficulty困难 danger危险
28、remain/last
remain 保持,仍然 系动词 last 延续,持续
29、disturb/bother/trouble/interrupt
bother one's head(或brains)about … 为…费脑筋
what troubles me most is… 使我极不安的是…
disturb 打扰,扰乱,妨碍 interrupt 打断,打扰
Don't bother to care about others' matter.不要费心去管别人的事
30、possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的
31、exercise 锻炼;练习 practice练习训练(业余的) training训练(专业性强)
作者: onlyone    时间: 2006-4-27 10:50

二、灵活的词汇意义以及上下文乃至全篇文章内容的理解等更加强化。下面仅以一些常用词在具体的上下文语境中的词义变化为例:
1、opposite the window
2、sit still the still smoking pistol
3、over one's shoulder
4、send children to bed(打发)孩子们上床睡觉
5、have(play, act)a part
6、miss one's part miss a step
7、The medicine didn't work
8、make(the)tea 沏茶,沧茶
9、go to one's place (固定或指定的)位置,座位,席位
10、none of your excuse! =Don't give me your excuse!
11、speak for oneself=in one's personal opinion
12、pick up sb 让某人搭车;give sb a lift用车接某人
13、look out for 注意
14、be meant for =be intended for 打算使 ……成为
15、papers 报纸;试卷;论文;文件;契约;借据等
16、stand n.货摊 vt.容忍,忍受(bear=put up with)
17、button one's coat do up the buttons of one's coat
18、get a very good idea of=be familiar with…
19、call up=remind sb of…
20、share many experience have many experience in common
21、in this respect (way)
22、introduce sb to sth 把某事介绍给某人
23、explain sth to sb向某人解释某事
24、help oneself to 擅自带走;自用
25、It won't hurt to take an umbrella with you.带把伞去总没有坏处。
26、pick up
(1)He silpped and fell, but quickly picked himself up.(跌倒后)使(自己)爬起。
(2)pick up a wallet 拾起、捡起
(3)pick up some knowledge of physics(偶然地,无意地)获得(收益、生计、知识、消息)等
(4)pick up a foreign language(未经听课等)学会外语
(5)pick up a girl(非经正式介绍)随便地结识(常指异性)
(6)pick up the programme(依靠探照灯、雷达等)测知看到(在无线电里)听到
(7)pick up passengers(goods)(车辆等)中途搭(人)中途带(货)
(8)pick up one's courage He is beginning to pick up 恢复精神;恢复健康
(9)The train picked up speed 加速
(10)pick up a room 收拾,整理
(11)pick up a criminal 逮住(罪犯)
(12)pick up the subject 重提(话题)
总之,做完形填空题,了其大意,先易后难,瞻前顾后,通过直接暗示、间接暗示,前、后暗示,层次、段落暗示,逻辑、推断暗示做题是非常关键的。当然,更重要的是扩大阅读面,增加阅读量,积累语言经验,培养语感能力。望大家反复认真阅读,对提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。




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