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Years ago the classical form of learning meant repeating sentences or short sentences so that the person was immersed into (沉浸于) a narrative. The Kernel(n.核心) books that I used to use had a narrative that would build up over time and the person would build up their vocabulary as the story progressed. There are other methods to get a new language across(get across: 了解,掌握). One way is by repeating a sentence so a person can at least understand the sound of a sentence and get an oral sense of how the words are strung(sting过去分词:串成一串) is strung together. Today presenting an object and then attaching words to it so as to create an image assist people so they can gradually learn sentences.
I have been able to adapt from textbook to textbook and various methods along the way and in the way the best method of getting people to converse(vi.谈话,交谈) is by talking as less as possible. One should also have them initiate the conversation and learn various aspects of it like objecting to(反对) a piece of information, adding an opinion and learning to question.
Whichever the person learns to speak he should be made aware of the opportunities he has and to use his strengths to balance out his weaknesses. That said he should not exclude the possibility of integrating a phonetic exercise to boost his awareness of where the stress goes on words in another language. Often enough he will remind the teacher that the stress on a word is different in the language of the learner. A contemporary approach would be having the student being aware of that but then have him focus on accepting a new way of pronouncing things.
中文译文:
几年前,经典的英语学习方法就是背诵句子,通过对句子的背诵,学习者就能掌握相关的表述方法。我曾经用过的一本很好的书就是采用这种方式,随着你越背越多,你能讲的也就越多,而且词汇量也随之增加。其实,要掌握一门新的语言,还有其他许多方法。其中一种就是通过不断背诵一个句子,慢慢地你就至少能听懂这个句子的读音,而且在口语方面,你也就大概了解这些词是怎样串在一起构成一个句子的。今天常见的学习方法则是通过把物品与其想对应的词联系起来,从而构成辅助意象,逐渐掌握这句句子。
学了这么久,从一本书到另一本,我的学习方法已经换过很多种,但个人觉得让对方加入对话的最好方式就是自己尽可能少地说话。你不仅要学会如何开始谈话,还要学会其他相关方面,好比对某一信息提出异议,要在交谈中提出自己的观点,发出疑问。
不管学习哪种语言,学习者都应该受到提示,可以有所练习,并以自己的强项来掩饰自己的弱点。这也就是说不应该忽视综合语音练习,用另一种语言来提高自己重音发音的机会。通常情况下,学生会让老师意识到正在学习的新语言的重音发音和自己的母语是不同的。时下有一种方法就是让学生意识到这些不同之处,然后教以新的发音方法。 |
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